THE DISGRACED RICHARD NIXON
| History on the web too often falls into one
of two traps. Either it is too hypertextually contemporary, jumping from
one latter day interpretation to another, losing the historicity of the
actual person or event in a maze of context. The National
websites of Richard Nixon are an example of this tendency, where the historical
individual is eulogised into a national figure, subsuming his gross actions
into a national narrative of redemption.
Then there is the opposite approach, to focus too greatly on the character flaws which drove Nixon from office in 1974, and ignore all subsequent events and interpretations. This extreme is common to websites which only offer audio, visual, or photographic records of Richard Nixon, with little surrounding explanation. An example is the History and Politics Out Loud website, which offers streaming audio of Watergate recordings, including the "Smoking Gun" tape of June 23, 1972. This is the famous recording where Nixon implicates himself in the coverup of the Democrat Party headquarters burglary. Historians are able to sit at home at their laptops and instantly be transported into the Oval Office in 1972, hear Nixon plot with chief of staff Haldeman to coverup the Watergate burglary, listen to White House Counsel Charles Colson talking to E. Howard Hunt, the CIA officer who took part in the break-in, and listen to Nixon discuss the bugging of his Democrat rival George McGovern. Beyond the briefest explanations as to their content, History and Politics Out Loud makes no attempt to fit these recordings into an historical context, or to show where each piece fits in the ensuing Watergate scandal. In some ways, a contemporary interpretation would seem irrelevant alongside such a powerful primary document. This is both the great promise and recurring limit of internet history: by providing direct access to primary documents, previously hidden in archives, web history empowers anybody to be a historian. So now there is a proliferation of these primary documents, on Webcorp, Earthstation, and the Paperless Archive, all providing a similar primary source to History and Politics Out Loud. Yet none of these sites provide anything but the most basic context. It seems, then, that we are caught between isolated context,
as in the National version of Richard Nixon, and
isolated primary sources in the Disgraced version. Perhaps the solution
is to link them together in an interactive hypertextual framework, as the
Didactic
websites attempt to do. Perhaps also we can approach the subject of Richard
Nixon from the periphery, and find context from both
primary and secondary sources which seem at first to have little to do
with Nixon himself.
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Richard Nixon |
Richard Nixon |
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